SOME, ANY, NO & NONE

SOME, ANY, NO & NONE

MAIN USES OF SOME AND ANY
SOME	affirmative sentences	ü  There are some books on the shelf. Hay (algunos) libros en la estantería.
	interrogative sentences (requests & invitations)	ü  May I have some tea? ¿Puedo tomar (un poco de) té?
ANY	negative sentences	ü  There isn’t any coffee. No hay café.
	interrogative sentences (general questions)	ü  Are there any cigarettes? ¿Hay cigarrillos?
	affirmative sentences (with the meaning of “cualquier”)	ü  Any boy can do that. Cualquier muchacho puede hacer eso.

Watch Out! no (ningún/a) can be used instead of any in negative sentences, but the verb has to be in the affirmative form to avoid a double negative:

ü  There is no beer. = There isn’t any beer. (No hay cerveza)

ü  There are no cups. = There aren’t any cups. (No hay tazas)

	UNCOUNTABLE NOUN	COUNTABLE / PLURAL
SOME / ANY +	SINGULAR VERB ü  There’s some sugar in the bowl. ü  There isn’t any sugar in the bowl.	PLURAL VERB + PLURAL NOUN ü  There are some chairs in the room. ü  Are there any chairs?

 §  Compounds of some, any, no and every

	PEOPLE	THINGS
AFFIRMATIVE SENTENCES	somebody / someone (alguien) ü  There’s somebody/someone in the garden.	something (algo) ü  There’s something in the garden.
	nobody / no one (nadie) ü  There is nobody/no one in the garden.	nothing (nada) ü  There’s nothing in the garden.
NEGATIVE SENTENCES	anybody / anyone (nadie) ü  There isn’t anybody/anyone in the garden.	anything (nada) ü  There isn’t anything in the garden.
INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES	anybody / anyone (¿alguien?) ü  Is there anybody/anyone in the garden?	anything (¿algo?) ü  Is there anything in the garden?

PEOPLE	THINGS
everybody / everyone (todos/as, todo el mundo) ü  Everybody/Everyone was in the garden.	everything (todo) ü  Everything was in the garden.

Watch Out! All these compound expressions are followed by a verb in the singular form:

ü  Somebody is, something is, everybody was, everything has been, etc…

§  None

·      We use no with a noun:

ü  We’ve got no money.

ü  We’ve rung all the hotels, and there are no rooms available.

·      We use none with of or on its own. It takes the place of ‘no + noun’:

ü  ‘How much money have you got?’ ‘None.’ (= no money)

           ü ‘How many people did you meet? ‘None.’ (= no people)